# Docker Setup Guide - Job Forge

## Overview

Job Forge uses Docker for containerization to ensure consistent environments across development, testing, and production. This guide covers Docker configuration, best practices, and troubleshooting.

## Docker Architecture

### Container Structure
```
Job Forge Docker Setup
├── jobforge-app      # FastAPI + Dash application
├── postgres          # PostgreSQL 16 with pgvector
└── nginx            # Reverse proxy and SSL termination
```

### Network Configuration
- **Internal Network**: Docker compose creates isolated network
- **External Access**: Only nginx container exposes ports 80/443
- **Service Discovery**: Containers communicate via service names

## Development Setup

### 1. Prerequisites
```bash
# Install Docker and Docker Compose
curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com -o get-docker.sh
sudo sh get-docker.sh

# Install Docker Compose
sudo curl -L "https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/latest/download/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m)" -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose

# Add user to docker group
sudo usermod -aG docker $USER
newgrp docker
```

### 2. Environment Configuration
```bash
# Copy environment template
cp .env.example .env

# Edit for development
nano .env
```

```bash
# Development Environment Variables
DATABASE_URL="postgresql://jobforge:jobforge123@postgres:5432/jobforge"
CLAUDE_API_KEY="your-claude-api-key"
OPENAI_API_KEY="your-openai-api-key"
JWT_SECRET="development-secret-key-change-in-production"
DEBUG=true
LOG_LEVEL="DEBUG"
```

### 3. Docker Compose Configuration

#### docker-compose.yml
```yaml
version: '3.8'

services:
  # FastAPI + Dash Application
  jobforge-app:
    build: 
      context: .
      dockerfile: Dockerfile
    container_name: jobforge-app
    ports:
      - "8000:8000"
    environment:
      - DATABASE_URL=postgresql://jobforge:jobforge123@postgres:5432/jobforge
      - CLAUDE_API_KEY=${CLAUDE_API_KEY}
      - OPENAI_API_KEY=${OPENAI_API_KEY}
      - JWT_SECRET=${JWT_SECRET}
      - DEBUG=${DEBUG:-false}
      - LOG_LEVEL=${LOG_LEVEL:-INFO}
    depends_on:
      postgres:
        condition: service_healthy
    volumes:
      # Development: mount source for hot reload
      - ./app:/app/app:ro
      - ./uploads:/app/uploads
      - ./logs:/var/log/jobforge
    networks:
      - jobforge-network
    restart: unless-stopped
    healthcheck:
      test: ["CMD", "curl", "-f", "http://localhost:8000/health"]
      interval: 30s
      timeout: 10s
      retries: 3
      start_period: 40s

  # PostgreSQL with pgvector
  postgres:
    image: pgvector/pgvector:pg16
    container_name: jobforge-postgres
    environment:
      - POSTGRES_DB=jobforge
      - POSTGRES_USER=jobforge
      - POSTGRES_PASSWORD=jobforge123
      - POSTGRES_INITDB_ARGS="--encoding=UTF8 --lc-collate=en_US.UTF-8 --lc-ctype=en_US.UTF-8"
    ports:
      - "5432:5432"  # Expose for development access
    volumes:
      - postgres_data:/var/lib/postgresql/data
      - ./init_db.sql:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/init_db.sql:ro
      - ./backups:/backups
    networks:
      - jobforge-network
    restart: unless-stopped
    healthcheck:
      test: ["CMD-SHELL", "pg_isready -U jobforge -d jobforge"]
      interval: 10s
      timeout: 5s
      retries: 5
      start_period: 30s

  # Nginx Reverse Proxy
  nginx:
    image: nginx:alpine
    container_name: jobforge-nginx
    ports:
      - "80:80"
      - "443:443"
    volumes:
      - ./nginx/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf:ro
      - ./nginx/conf.d:/etc/nginx/conf.d:ro
      - ./ssl:/etc/nginx/ssl:ro
      - ./static:/var/www/static:ro
    depends_on:
      - jobforge-app
    networks:
      - jobforge-network
    restart: unless-stopped
    healthcheck:
      test: ["CMD", "nginx", "-t"]
      interval: 30s
      timeout: 10s
      retries: 3

networks:
  jobforge-network:
    driver: bridge
    ipam:
      config:
        - subnet: 172.20.0.0/16

volumes:
  postgres_data:
    driver: local
```

#### docker-compose.override.yml (Development)
```yaml
# Development overrides
version: '3.8'

services:
  jobforge-app:
    build:
      target: development  # Multi-stage build target
    environment:
      - DEBUG=true
      - LOG_LEVEL=DEBUG
      - RELOAD=true
    volumes:
      # Enable hot reload in development
      - ./app:/app/app
      - ./tests:/app/tests
    command: ["uvicorn", "app.main:app", "--host", "0.0.0.0", "--port", "8000", "--reload"]

  postgres:
    environment:
      - POSTGRES_PASSWORD=jobforge123  # Simpler password for dev
    ports:
      - "5432:5432"  # Expose port for development tools
```

### 4. Dockerfile Configuration

#### Multi-stage Dockerfile
```dockerfile
# Multi-stage Dockerfile for Job Forge
FROM python:3.12-slim as base

# Set environment variables
ENV PYTHONDONTWRITEBYTECODE=1 \
    PYTHONUNBUFFERED=1 \
    PYTHONPATH="/app" \
    PIP_NO_CACHE_DIR=1 \
    PIP_DISABLE_PIP_VERSION_CHECK=1

# Install system dependencies
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \
    curl \
    postgresql-client \
    build-essential \
    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

WORKDIR /app

# Copy requirements and install Python dependencies
COPY requirements.txt .
RUN pip install --no-cache-dir -r requirements.txt

# Development target
FROM base as development

# Install development dependencies
COPY requirements-dev.txt .
RUN pip install --no-cache-dir -r requirements-dev.txt

# Copy source code
COPY . .

# Create non-root user
RUN adduser --disabled-password --gecos '' jobforge && \
    chown -R jobforge:jobforge /app
USER jobforge

# Health check
HEALTHCHECK --interval=30s --timeout=30s --start-period=5s --retries=3 \
    CMD curl -f http://localhost:8000/health || exit 1

EXPOSE 8000

# Development command with hot reload
CMD ["uvicorn", "app.main:app", "--host", "0.0.0.0", "--port", "8000", "--reload"]

# Production target
FROM base as production

# Copy source code
COPY app/ ./app/
COPY alembic/ ./alembic/
COPY alembic.ini .

# Create non-root user
RUN adduser --disabled-password --gecos '' jobforge && \
    chown -R jobforge:jobforge /app && \
    mkdir -p /var/log/jobforge && \
    chown jobforge:jobforge /var/log/jobforge

USER jobforge

# Health check
HEALTHCHECK --interval=30s --timeout=30s --start-period=5s --retries=3 \
    CMD curl -f http://localhost:8000/health || exit 1

EXPOSE 8000

# Production command
CMD ["uvicorn", "app.main:app", "--host", "0.0.0.0", "--port", "8000", "--workers", "2"]
```

#### .dockerignore
```
# .dockerignore for Job Forge
__pycache__/
*.pyc
*.pyo
*.pyd
.Python
env/
venv/
.venv/
pip-log.txt
pip-delete-this-directory.txt
.git/
.gitignore
README.md
.env
.env.*
docker-compose*.yml
Dockerfile*
.pytest_cache/
htmlcov/
.coverage
*.log
logs/
backups/
uploads/
!uploads/.gitkeep
.vscode/
.idea/
*.swp
*.swo
*~
```

## Production Setup

### 1. Production Docker Compose
```yaml
# docker-compose.prod.yml
version: '3.8'

services:
  jobforge-app:
    build:
      context: .
      dockerfile: Dockerfile
      target: production
    environment:
      - DATABASE_URL=${DATABASE_URL}
      - CLAUDE_API_KEY=${CLAUDE_API_KEY}
      - OPENAI_API_KEY=${OPENAI_API_KEY}
      - JWT_SECRET=${JWT_SECRET}
      - DEBUG=false
      - LOG_LEVEL=INFO
      - WORKERS=4
    volumes:
      - ./uploads:/app/uploads
      - ./logs:/var/log/jobforge
    deploy:
      resources:
        limits:
          cpus: '2.0'
          memory: 2G
        reservations:
          cpus: '0.5'
          memory: 512M
      restart_policy:
        condition: on-failure
        delay: 5s
        max_attempts: 3

  postgres:
    image: pgvector/pgvector:pg16
    environment:
      - POSTGRES_DB=${DB_NAME}
      - POSTGRES_USER=${DB_USER}
      - POSTGRES_PASSWORD=${DB_PASSWORD}
    volumes:
      - postgres_data:/var/lib/postgresql/data
      - ./backups:/backups:ro
    deploy:
      resources:
        limits:
          cpus: '1.0'
          memory: 1G
        reservations:
          cpus: '0.25'
          memory: 256M
    # Don't expose port in production
    # ports:
    #   - "5432:5432"

  nginx:
    image: nginx:alpine
    ports:
      - "80:80"
      - "443:443"
    volumes:
      - ./nginx/prod.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf:ro
      - ./ssl:/etc/nginx/ssl:ro
    deploy:
      resources:
        limits:
          cpus: '0.5'
          memory: 128M
```

### 2. Production Commands
```bash
# Build production images
docker-compose -f docker-compose.prod.yml build

# Start production services
docker-compose -f docker-compose.prod.yml up -d

# Scale application containers
docker-compose -f docker-compose.prod.yml up -d --scale jobforge-app=3
```

## Container Management

### 1. Basic Operations
```bash
# Start all services
docker-compose up -d

# Stop all services
docker-compose down

# Restart specific service
docker-compose restart jobforge-app

# View logs
docker-compose logs -f jobforge-app
docker-compose logs --tail=100 postgres

# Execute commands in container
docker-compose exec jobforge-app bash
docker-compose exec postgres psql -U jobforge -d jobforge
```

### 2. Database Operations
```bash
# Run database migrations
docker-compose exec jobforge-app alembic upgrade head

# Create new migration
docker-compose exec jobforge-app alembic revision --autogenerate -m "description"

# Database backup
docker-compose exec postgres pg_dump -U jobforge jobforge > backup.sql

# Database restore
docker-compose exec -T postgres psql -U jobforge -d jobforge < backup.sql
```

### 3. Application Management
```bash
# Update application code (development)
docker-compose restart jobforge-app

# Rebuild containers
docker-compose build
docker-compose up -d

# View container resource usage
docker stats

# Clean up unused resources
docker system prune -a -f
```

## Monitoring and Debugging

### 1. Health Checks
```bash
# Check container health
docker-compose ps

# Manual health check
curl http://localhost:8000/health

# Check individual services
docker-compose exec jobforge-app python -c "import requests; print(requests.get('http://localhost:8000/health').json())"
```

### 2. Log Management
```bash
# View application logs
docker-compose logs -f jobforge-app

# View specific timeframe
docker-compose logs --since="2024-01-01T00:00:00" jobforge-app

# Export logs
docker-compose logs jobforge-app > app.log

# Follow logs with timestamps
docker-compose logs -f -t jobforge-app
```

### 3. Performance Monitoring
```bash
# Container resource usage
docker stats --format "table {{.Container}}\t{{.CPUPerc}}\t{{.MemUsage}}\t{{.NetIO}}\t{{.BlockIO}}"

# Container processes
docker-compose exec jobforge-app ps aux

# Database performance
docker-compose exec postgres psql -U jobforge -d jobforge -c "SELECT * FROM pg_stat_activity;"
```

## Troubleshooting

### 1. Common Issues

#### Container Won't Start
```bash
# Check logs for errors
docker-compose logs jobforge-app

# Check if ports are in use
sudo netstat -tulpn | grep :8000

# Check Docker daemon
sudo systemctl status docker
```

#### Database Connection Issues
```bash
# Test database connectivity
docker-compose exec jobforge-app python -c "
import asyncio
import asyncpg
asyncio.run(asyncpg.connect('postgresql://jobforge:jobforge123@postgres:5432/jobforge'))
print('Database connection successful')
"

# Check database is ready
docker-compose exec postgres pg_isready -U jobforge
```

#### Volume Mount Issues
```bash
# Check volume permissions
ls -la uploads/ logs/

# Fix permissions
sudo chown -R $USER:$USER uploads logs
chmod 755 uploads logs
```

### 2. Debug Mode
```bash
# Run container in debug mode
docker-compose run --rm jobforge-app bash

# Run with environment override
docker-compose run -e DEBUG=true jobforge-app

# Attach to running container
docker-compose exec jobforge-app bash
```

### 3. Network Issues
```bash
# Check network connectivity
docker network ls
docker network inspect jobforge_jobforge-network

# Test inter-container communication
docker-compose exec jobforge-app ping postgres
docker-compose exec nginx ping jobforge-app
```

## Optimization

### 1. Image Optimization
```dockerfile
# Use multi-stage builds to reduce image size
# Use .dockerignore to exclude unnecessary files
# Use specific base image versions
# Combine RUN commands to reduce layers
# Clean up package caches
```

### 2. Resource Limits
```yaml
# Set appropriate resource limits
deploy:
  resources:
    limits:
      cpus: '1.0'
      memory: 1G
    reservations:
      cpus: '0.5'
      memory: 512M
```

### 3. Volume Optimization
```bash
# Use bind mounts for development
# Use named volumes for persistent data
# Regular cleanup of unused volumes
docker volume prune
```

## Security Best Practices

### 1. Container Security
```dockerfile
# Run as non-root user
USER jobforge

# Use specific image versions
FROM python:3.12-slim

# Don't expose unnecessary ports
# Use secrets for sensitive data
```

### 2. Network Security
```yaml
# Use custom networks
networks:
  jobforge-network:
    driver: bridge
    internal: true  # For internal services
```

### 3. Environment Security
```bash
# Use .env files for secrets
# Don't commit secrets to version control
# Use Docker secrets in production
# Regular security updates
```

This Docker setup provides a robust, scalable, and maintainable containerization solution for Job Forge, suitable for both development and production environments.